The Beast Of Gluttony; The Pig

"He That Sows Discord Among Brethren."

(Wastefulness Of Every Form; Taking Too Much And Not Giving Enough; Not Producing As Much As Consumed; Producing Waste, But Consuming Resources.)

Lesson: Eating And Enjoying The Waste Of Others As Well As Your Own, And Anything That Is Considered Waste. Comes After 'Lust' Because Once You Have Your Desire You Were Weak To, You Indulge In It To The Point Of Waste, Including Wasting Away.

-Sign Of Indulgence And Wastefulness In Every Way And Form.-

Enslavement: Indulgence And Wastefulness, Whilst Also Being Unable To Stop Indulging In Everything, Including And Especially Waste.

Affliction: Wastefulness And Indulgence Of Every Form Including Waste Of Self, Waste Of Others, Production Of Waste, Living In Waste And Consuming Waste.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluttony


Gluttony (Latin, gula) is the overindulgence and overconsumption of anything to the point of waste. The word derives from the Latin gluttire, meaning to gulp down or swallow.

In Christianity, it is considered a sin if the excessive desire for food causes it to be withheld from the needy.[28]

Because of these scripts, gluttony can be interpreted as selfishness; essentially placing concern with one's own impulses or interests above the well-being or interests of others.[original research?]

During times of famine, war, and similar periods when food is scarce, it is possible for one to indirectly kill other people through starvation just by eating too much or even too soon.

Medieval church leaders (e.g., Thomas Aquinas) took a more expansive view of gluttony,[28] arguing that it could also include an obsessive anticipation of meals, and the constant eating of delicacies and excessively costly foods.[29] Aquinas went so far as to prepare a list of five ways to commit gluttony, comprising:

Laute – eating too expensively
Studiose – eating too daintily
Nimis – eating too much
Praepropere – eating too soon
Ardenter – eating too eagerly
Out of these ardenter is often considered the most serious, since it is extreme attachment to the pleasure of mere eating, which can make the committer eat impulsively; absolutely and without qualification live merely to eat and drink; lose attachment to health-related, social, intellectual, and spiritual pleasures; and lose proper judgement[original research?]: an example is Esau selling his birthright for ordinary food of bread and pottage of lentils. His punishment was that the "profane person . . . who, for a morsel of meat sold his birthright," we learn that "he found no place for repentance, though he sought it carefully, with tears."

Gluttony (Latin: gula), derived from the Latin gluttire meaning to gulp down or swallow, means over-indulgence and over-consumption of food, drink, or wealth items to the point of extravagance or waste.

In Christianity, it is considered a sin if the excessive desire for food causes it to be withheld from the needy.[1] Some Christian denominations consider gluttony as one of the seven deadly sins, a misplaced or inordinate desire for food/drink.

In Deut 21:20 and Proverbs 23:21, it is זלל.[2] The Gesenius Entry[3] (lower left word) has indications of "squandering" and "profligacy" (waste).

In Matthew 11:19 and Luke 7:34, it is φαγος ("phagos" transliterated character for character),[4] The LSJ Entry[5] is tiny, and only refers to one external source, Zenobius Paroemiographus 1.73. The word could mean merely "an eater", since φαγω means "eat".

Judaism[edit]
According to the list of 613 commandments that Jews must keep according to the Rambam, gluttony or excessive eating or drinking is prohibited. It is listed as #169: "Not to eat or drink like a glutton or a drunkard (not to rebel against father or mother)".[6]

Catholicism[edit]

Gula - The Seven Deadly Sins and the Four Last Things, by Hieronymus Bosch
Church leaders from the ascetic Middle Ages took a more expansive view of gluttony:

St. Gregory the Great[edit]
Pope Gregory I (St. Gregory the Great), a doctor of the Church, described the following ways by which one can commit sin of gluttony, and corresponding biblical examples for each of them:[7][8][9]

1. Eating before the time of meals in order to satisfy the palate.

Biblical example: Jonathan eating a little honey, when his father Saul commanded no food to be taken before the evening.[1Sa 14:29] (Note that this text is only approximately illustrative, as in this account, Jonathan did not know he was eating too.)
2. Seeking delicacies and better quality of food to gratify the "vile sense of taste."

Biblical example: When Israelites escaping from Egypt complained, "Who shall give us flesh to eat? We remember the fish which we did eat in Egypt freely; the cucumbers and the melons, and the leeks and the onions and the garlic," God rained fowls for them to eat but punished them 500 years later.[Num 11:4]
3. Seeking to stimulate the palate with overly or elaborately prepared food (e.g. with luxurious sauces and seasonings).

Biblical example: Two sons of Eli the high priest made the sacrificial meat to be cooked in one manner rather than another. They were met with death.[1Sa 4:11]
4. Exceeding the necessary quantity of food.

Biblical example: One of the sins of Sodom was "fullness of bread."[Eze 16:49]
5. Taking food with too much eagerness, even when eating the proper amount, and even if the food is not luxurious.

Biblical example: Esau selling his birthright for ordinary food of bread and pottage of lentils. His punishment was that of the "profane person . . . who, for a morsel of meat sold his birthright," : we learn that "he found no place for repentance, though he sought it carefully, with tears." [Gen 25:30]
The fifth way is worse than all others, said St. Gregory, because it shows attachment to pleasure most clearly. To recapitulate, St Gregory the Great said that one may succumb to the sin of gluttony by: 1. Time (when); 2. Quality; 3. Stimulants; 4. Quantity; 5. Eagerness. He asserts that the irregular desire is the sin, not the food: "For it is not the food, but the desire that is in fault".[10]

St. Thomas Aquinas[edit]
In his Summa Theologica (Part 2-2, Question 148, Article 4), St. Thomas Aquinas reiterated the list of five ways to commit gluttony:[11]

Laute - eating food that is too luxurious, exotic, or costly
Studiose - eating food that is excessive in quality (too daintily or elaborately prepared)
Nimis - eating food that is excessive in quantity (too much)
Praepropere - eating hastily (too soon or at an inappropriate time)
Ardenter - eating greedily (too eagerly)
St. Aquinas concludes that "gluttony denotes inordinate concupiscence in eating"; the first three ways are related to the food itself, while the last two related to the manner of eating.[11] He says that abstinence from food and drink overcome the sin of gluttony,[12] and the act of abstinence is fasting.[13]:A2 (see: Fasting and abstinence in the Roman Catholic Church) In general, fasting is useful to restrain concupiscence of the flesh.

St. Alphonsus Liguori[edit]
St. Alphonsus Liguori wrote the following when explaining gluttony:

"Pope Innocent XI has condemned the proposition which asserts that it is not a sin to eat or to drink from the sole motive of satisfying the palate. However, it is not a fault to feel pleasure in eating: for it is, generally speaking, impossible to eat without experiencing the delight which food naturally produces. But it is a defect to eat, like beasts, through the sole motive of sensual gratification, and without any reasonable object. Hence, the most delicious meats may be eaten without sin, if the motive be good and worthy of a rational creature; and, in taking the coarsest food through attachment to pleasure, there may be a fault."

Deuteronomy 21:20 - "And they shall say unto the elders of his city, This our son is stubborn and rebellious, he will not obey our voice; he is a glutton, and a drunkard.
Proverbs 23:20-21 - "Be not among winebibbers; among riotous eaters of flesh: For the drunkard and the glutton shall come to poverty: and drowsiness shall clothe a man with rags."
Proverbs 23:2 - "When thou sittest to eat with a ruler, consider diligently what is before thee. And put a knife to thy throat, if thou be a man given to appetite."
Proverbs 25:16 - "Hast thou found honey? eat so much as is sufficient for thee, lest thou be filled therewith, and vomit it."
Luke 7:33-35 (and parallel account in Matthew 11:18-19) - "For John the Baptist came neither eating bread nor drinking wine; and ye say, He hath a devil. The Son of man is come eating and drinking; and ye say, Behold a gluttonous man, and a winebibber, a friend of publicans and sinners! But wisdom is justified of all her children."

Callimachus the famous Greek poet states, "All that I have given to my stomach has disappeared, and I have retained all the fodder that I gave to my spirit."[15]

Popular quote "Eat to live, not live to eat" is commonly attributed to Socrates.[16] A quotation from Rhetorica ad Herennium IV.28 : "Effe oportet ut vivas; non vivere ut edas"[17] ("It is necessary to eat in order to live, not to live in order to eat")[18] is credited by the Oxford Dictionary of Proverbs to Cicero.